In females beneath the ages of twenty five years, large educational level (Or dos.6, 95% CI step 1.1–six.1), and more than a single typical (Or dos.step 1, 95% CI step 1.1–4.1) otherwise relaxed (Otherwise step one.seven, 95% CI 1.0–2.9) sexual spouse predicted problems exposure (Dining table cuatro). There was along with a suggestion away from an elevated exposure that have current use of dental contraceptives (Or 2.0, 95% CI 0.6–1.5 – Table 4). The addition of feminine planning to an adolescent infirmary (decades 13–17 years) don’t make a prejudice about analysis results, since zero mathematically significant distinctions were located once they was basically omitted from the data. New organization having quantity of lovers persisted with a somewhat all the way down chance ratio (Or 1.eight, 95% CI 0.7–4.2). As well, new relationship that have studies try stronger (Otherwise 7.cuatro, 95% CI step one.9–31.0 getting high-level out-of studies).
nine, 95% CI step 1.3–3.0 – Dining table cuatro). Previous accessibility dental contraceptives improved this new problems chance a little (Or step one.6, 95% CI step one.0–dos.5) and parity quite decreases the chance (Or 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–step one.2). Zero obvious pattern out-of relationship are noticed certainly female old 35 or more years. The analysis had diminished women of one’s period of 55 age or even more so that next subgroup investigation that have important mathematical electricity.
Young age and you can high-level off achieved education were finest predictors off numerous infections than simply off solitary of them (Dining table 5). Having multiple infections, discover a trend to have a safety aftereffect of parity (for a few or even more college students than the nulliparous, Otherwise 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–step 1.3) and rehearse out of condoms (Or 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.9) (Dining table 5). Most of the time, although not, tested qualities shared equivalent associations having single and https://getbride.org/da/hot-costa-rica-kvinder/ multiple infections.
Discussion
To date, pair training analyzed age-certain HPV incidence patterns and you can determinants out of HPV disease among female having normal cytology from inside the countries with high incidence out of cervical cancer tumors. I report here the first analysis of this type carried out in Colombia. An overall total HPV DNA incidence out of 14.9% was found, which is exactly like you to definitely advertised various other higher-chance communities in Mexico (14.5%) (Lazcano et al, 2001) and you can Costa Rica (16%) (Herrero ainsi que al, 2000). Simultaneously, it is like the new HPV-DNA incidence among manage female (13%) during the an excellent concurrent instance–manage analysis during the Cali, Colombia (Munoz mais aussi al, 1996).
There clearly was zero clear relationship involving the lives out-of relaxed sexual lovers, ages to start with sexual intercourse otherwise earliest beginning, usage of IUDs or condoms and you may risk
Numerous studies have advised the prevalence from HPV disease decrease as we age, HPV getting strange inside the cytological normal female over age thirty-five ages (Melkert ainsi que al, 1993; Morrison, 1994). Yet not, several current higher inhabitants-dependent studies away from Costa Rica and Mexico and demonstrated specific boost when you look at the HPV issues one of feamales in peri- and you may blog post-menopausal decades. While in Costa Rica the latest top is present in feminine old than simply 55 ages, that have a beneficial predominance regarding LR HPV designs, when you look at the Mexico another top become before, shortly after forty-five yrs . old, which have predominance away from Hr HPV types sufficient reason for a rise in recognition out-of LR HPV products versus younger years.
In our study new HPV incidence from the age group 45–54 ages are lower, but discover a greater frequency out of HPV illness in females aged 55 or maybe more years, that have good predominance regarding LR brands and you will numerous HPV problems, yet still 5.7% was indeed Hours HPV confident. When the affirmed, the possibility of HPV illness – particularly LR sizes – among post-menopausal women, it could be told me differently: (1) reactivation away from hidden HPV attacks of the reduced immune response. Particular immunological research has shown a reduction in distributing mature T tissues into the the elderly as a result of a decrease in CD8+ lymphocytes, a decrease on the volume out of CD4+ T tissue producing IL-2 and you can/or the lowest expression from inside the IL-2 receptors (Lesourd and Meaume, 1994; Gostout et al, 1998; Ginaldi et al, 1999). (2) Reactivation away from hidden HPV problems by hormonal changes about the newest slow refuse out-of ovarian function doing menopause (Lazcano ainsi que al, 2001). (3) An effective cohort impression (Herrero et al, 2000), in which older women was indeed confronted with the herpes virus early in life and you will belonged so you’re able to generations even more greatly confronted by HPV bacterial infections.